Year: 2012

6 type of Portfolio Diversification – Meaning & Strategies

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

A lot of people with high net worth still do not understand Portfolio Diversification. They made good money, their investments have zoomed over the years and they feel that they have understood the mantra for growing wealth. However, an important parameter to look at is “Diversification”. How much diversified you are in your overall financial life? Let us understand what strategies we can adopt for diversification of portfolio, but let’s look at 2 examples to understand the problem first.

Example 1

Let’s look at Ajay’s example – whose net-worth has is 4 crores overall, but 3.5 crores are in just one flat in Mumbai. What can go wrong? There can be several events which can affect Ajay, An earthquake in Mumbai can come someday, prices may suddenly take a hit (if not today, maybe in future, Ajay might come to know someday that the quality of material used is not good, Liquidity issues etc etc

Example 2 

Robert has successfully grown his net-worth to Rs 15 lacs in just 3 yrs, but the issue is that most of these 15 lacs in concentrated into a single mutual fund called HDFC Top 200. What can go wrong ? – The equity markets can see one of the biggest fall just 3 years before Robert needs the money, The stocks picked by the funds can do exceptionally bad, the fund manager might take wrong decisions in a row, The expense ratio increases and you don’t know its hurting you badly from many years etc etc.

While these are hypothetical examples, you must have got a good idea of what I want to say here. A portfolio extremely skewed on one side can be extremely dangerous, maybe the chances of risk are low, but still, it can occur.

Diversification in Personal Finance

6 types of Portfolio Diversification

Asset allocation is a word that describes how well are your assets allocated across various asset classes and you do it with diversification! A lot of people feel that just because they have invested in 10 mutual funds, they have diversified their investments, but portfolio diversification is achieved at different levels. In my book Jagoinvestor, In the last chapter I talk about the simplicity of Financial life and show how 3 mutual funds are not too much different than 5 mutual funds in equity diversified category, Their underlying investments (large-cap stocks, mid-cap, the concentration of the largest stock) are pretty much exact same. Now Let’s see some of the types of Portfolio Diversification

1. Across Asset Class

You might want to diversify your investments in different asset classes like equity (mutual funds, stocks), Real estate, Debt products, commodities like gold, silver and finally Cash. It’s important to do this kind of diversification if you are not an expert in one asset class and can not handle it fully.

2. Within Asset Class

When you invest your money in one asset class but in different kinds of instruments or companies, you are diversifying it across various instruments of the same types. A very simple example is opening Fixed Deposits in various banks. If you had to open a 10 lacs FD, the chances are you will choose 4 banks and put 2.5 lacs in each rather than doing it for 10 lacs in just one bank. In the same way someone investing in 5 different equity mutual funds. While the underlying asset class is exactly the same (equities), but still some kind of diversification is there (different fund managers handling it).

3. Geography Wise

Then you can diversify location wise or geography-wise. You can invest in real estate in India, US, UK .. You can also invest in real estate across different cities within India. You can buy stocks in the Indian stock market, US stock markets, and other countries too. The idea is to take advantage of currency fluctuations too, but this is only for experts who understand that.

4. Across Capitalization

When you invest in mutual funds, you can choose to invest in small-cap funds, large-cap funds, extra large-cap funds, small companies, big companies, etc, etc. Note that the risk and return potential will be different and anyways you will invest in different companies.

5. Across Time

Your investments can be across time also, like long term investments, short term investments, medium-term investments, You can have a 5 yrs deposit, 2 yrs deposit and 6 months deposit as well. Imagine if you have done 5 yrs deposits only – which can affect your liquidity

6. Across Style

There can be diversification across styles – You can invest in products giving you fixed income, or which are just for growth purpose. You can invest in something that has value investing principles or more speculative ideas.

Can you think about more kind of diversification or any other benefits for portfolio diversification?

What about Over diversification?

Should you diversify in all ways? Definitely not. The above ideas are just to show you how many kind of diversifications can be there, you should not overdo it and try to incorporate all kind of diversifications in your financial portfolio. Just see how much makes sense in your case and properly access how much you need it.

If you look at your current portfolio, Many many marks out of 10 will you give on the parameter of “Portfolio Diversification” or “Asset Allocation”?

Shocking ! – Job Rejection due to Bad CIBIL Report

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

Your credit score is going to affect your Employment. You can face job rejection due to it! Yes – that’s happening already. A lot of companies especially Finance and Software Companies have started asking candidates to present their CIBIL report and score (or any other credit report) at the time of the interview and it has started playing a role while selecting a candidate. So if your credit report is bad because you have not paid your loans on time or if you settled your loans in past, you might get rejected in your next job interview provided your prospective employers look at your cibil report/score. Note that it’s standard practice internationally to check credit score before employment and various other purposes.

Employers looking at cibil report at job interviews

3 Real-Life Example of Job Rejection due to Bad Cibil Report

I am sharing with you 2 real-life example’s where credit report was asked before the interview and they were eventually rejected (there can be other parameters for rejection apart from the bad credit report)

Example #1 – How Sapan has rejected a job in HDFC

Sapan a reader of this blog faced job rejection twice by HDFC Bank and an NBFC just because there was a credit card dispute on his credit report and he could not convince them that it was his fault.

I lost the Job twice in HDFC Bank even after got selected for Relationship Manager but rejected by HR team because of my credit card dispute which was stolen and unauthorized transaction took place of 50000/-. In the end of the day I was failed to convince the HR team and I was forcefully to pay 50000/- and got a job in one of the NBFC which also checked my CIBIL before getting job. – from facebook comments below

Example #2 – Rejection by Indian company for a Bad Credit Report from the US

Even those who are coming from US to India and looking for Jobs, employers are asking their US credit score – Here is an incident which happened with Nandish’s friend, this sharing was from Nandish

He was in US for almost 8 yrs. During that time he created a lot of debt for himself. His job transfer got him back in India, he knew his credit score in US is bad and he never bothered about it as he thought now he will be staying in India. His job was going on well and his life was comfortable. On one fine day he decided to quit his job and started his own business. He could not make it in business, his social responsibilities forced him to get once again in job. He started applying in different companies and finally one Bangalore based company offered him 16-20 lac pay package. He was excited and thrilled to get this offer. This company was US based and one of the most important criteria they would check is their US credit score…My friend tried hard to convince them but finally he was not selected. To improve his US credit score he is now really working hard but nothing seems to be working for him.

Example #3 – How an Indian Bank asked for CIBIL report

One of the readers was asked for her CIBIL report when she applied for a job in an Indian Bank, She applied for CIBIL report and handed over to the bank, the bank has not followed up with her after that.

I have applied for a job in bank and they have to check my CIBIL. I have a loan taken just 2 months back and only one installment hit my a/c thru cheque and tht was honored. Bank want to check my CIBIL before hiring. I haven’t had any bad experience but ya this is first time my CIBIL gonna check… and might be there is some problem according to bank ppl as they have not reverted me after my cibil check.

Quotes from some of the latest articles on media

  • If you thought you had only to worry about banks getting hold of your credit histories, there’s more. Of late, employers too have been asking prospective candidates to submit their Credit Information Report from CIBIL. Your employability could be affected by the report, as it happened with an acquaintance of mine, who was refused employment in a bank because of his poor credit history. Would you rather pay for your mistakes at a later stage in life or plan for those loan EMIs and pay them on time? – source
     
  • Some employers may also ask a potential employee to submit his/her credit report during the hiring process. Those with poor credit scores may be rejected in favor of those who have demonstrated better financial planning. Thus, the credit score and report may become a vital ‘reputation’ collateral even for employment in the future. – Source
  • Companies in western nations are known to make credit checks before taking people on board. In India, companies have started checking the creditworthiness of an individual, especially for senior-level hiring. Employers ask the candidates to produce their credit report at the time of interview because employers cant access it directly.  The trend is picking up in financial and IT sector companies. – said Harshala Chandorkar, senior vice president, consumer relations, Credit Information Bureau (India) Limited (Cibil). – Source 

Why Do Employers want to check your Cibil Report?

If you think for a minute and try to understand it from an employer’s perspective, you will realize that there are some reasons why employers might want to look at your CIBIL report before they hire you. Here are some –

1. It’s part of “background check”

A very valid point can be that checking your credit report or score can be seen as a part of “background check” . While there are genuine reasons why some innocent guy had a bad CIBIL report, a person having a bad CIBIL report can be seen as an irresponsible person and not capable of taking care of things. Just like no company likes to hire someone who has a criminal record, in future even having an extremely bad credit report can be seen in that way.

2. Bad credit record might indicate bad intentions as general

A person having a bad credit report might not be seen as an honest, credible person to work with and he/she might be seen as a potential threat to the work environment. While this is a big debatable topic – look it from employers point of view, they see things in a very defined manner, if the company policy tomorrow says that we will not hire someone with any person whose credit report has a WRITTEN OFF status on a loan, or has a score below 650 , then even those who are innocent and have got a messed up report will feel ask if its unfair, but companies go as per their framework and rules defined, not case to case basis.

3. High debt trap might lead to bad performance

If you have a huge debt on your head, it’s really tough to give your best at work. This is exactly how employers can see it, even though you disagree with it. It has been known that financial issues have a big impact on professional life, you might not concentrate fully if you are in a financial mess and paying off your debt is consistently on your priority list each and every moment.

Bad credit report leads to job rejection in interviews

Is the CIBIL report being checked by all employers and sectors?

As of now, looking at credit reports while the interview is a very new trend seen in India. It’s not widespread, but have started happening. So you can safely assume that it will be a regular process within some months or years. As of now, CIBIL Report is checked at only senior-level interviews especially in Financial and IT sector, but soon this will be happening across sectors and all levels. Employers can not directly access a candidate credit report because RBI guidelines allow credit bureaus to share it only with banks and financial institutions who are clients of CIBIL, hence Employers ask the candidate themselves to present their report when they come for an interview.

Note that credit reports are just one of the parameters being checked by the employers, it’s not the only basis for job rejection. Apart from the credit report, other main and important parameters like job qualification, experience and salary expectations will also matter while hiring, a credit report is just a part of the whole process.

Who else can use Credit Report and Score in coming future?

In an email reply to me, Harshala Chandorkar – Senior Vice President – Consumer Relations of CIBIL shared with me that credit reports can enter our lives in a big way in the future. In future landlords may demand a credit report before renting out an apartment and even telecom providers can see your credit report to assign the limits for your usage, but this can happen in the future, not very soon. Here is what she said in an email reply to me

In more developed economies, an individual’s credit information report and credit score is critical reputational collateral and is being used for multiple purposes by various institutions. Employers review it before recruiting a new employee; landlords require it before renting out an accommodation and of course telecom providers check an applicant’s credit history for assigning limits.

We may see similar evolution in India when a person’s credit report and credit score will be imperative for a lot many things in addition to availing institutionalized credit facilities. Therefore it is very critical for students to maintain a good credit history and pay back the loan dues on time.

Share this information with your friends (you can share it by clicking on the “Share” button on the left side) and let them know about it, they will thank you. Also, let us know – What do you think about this about job rejection due to the CIBIL report? Do you feel it’s going to help us all? Do you think it’s fair to check credit reports by employers in job interviews?

Results of Personal Finance Quiz – with answers

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

I took a personal finance quiz last week, in which close to 1,000 people participated. It was amazing to see the participation and the way you guys took the survey. I am now publishing all the questions with correct answers and the explanation for the answers , along with some observations (results and how different income group, profession performed in it) . Each answer had a 1 mark , so someone who answered 4 right out of 10 , has a score of 4/10 .

Personal Finance Quiz was tough

I did not want to make a simple quiz, so I had designed the questions in such aq way , that the answer which comes to mind immediately was not correct , the right answer was a little hidden one and not easy one . Hence you might see that the answer which naturally came to mind was actually a wrong one , the right answer was a little tricky one.

Some Observations from Personal Finance Quiz

  • The average score of all the quiz takers was 3.48/10 .
  • 94% quiz takers could not score more than 5/10
  • 50 people who were extremely overconfident and said “All 10 questions are correct” , all of them scored below 5 , and the average score was 2.84 out of 10
  • The high income earners were the worst performers with average score of 2.69/10
  • One of the worst performance was from software professionals with average score of 2.91/10
  • Only 27 people were able to score more than 7/10 and just 4 person scored 8/10 . Most of these people had income less than 5 lacs and they thought they had “more than 5 correct answers” , but not all correct.

Answers for the 10 quiz questions

Here are all the 10 questions from the quiz and their answers with explanations. You know what was your answer and hence you can find out what was your score exactly.

1. If you have a bad remark in your cibil report ? What is the maximum tenure it will be there and after that it will be removed ?

Right Answer was There is no upper limit on this . I was sure that a lot of people will choose the answer as “7 yrs”, because they had heard that number “7 yrs” as being the limit after which the bad remark from CIBIL is removed, but its again a myth ! . Yes – you will be shocked to hear this, but 7 yrs is the MINIMUM time-frame for which bad remark will appear, its not maximum. In the question, it was asked for the maximum limit, and right now there is no maximum limit. I was on a phone call with a senior person from CIBIL, and she told me that right now there is no decision on what will be the maximum limit, so on the higher side, the bad remark on CIBIL can be for even 15-20 yrs , you never know , but for sure it will be there for minimum 7 yrs . Now understand that this is when you do not do anything about your Bad remark , if you pay off your outstanding or pending debt , then it will be cleared of, Read this article on how to improve your cibil score and Report

2. CIBIL score is calculated based on past how many years credit history ?

Right Answer was 2 yrs . I was not very surprised when most of the people chose 3 yrs as answer. It must be because they are aware that the CIBIL report contains your last 36 months of history , it has all the data about how much was outstanding and how much you paid. But your credit score is only dependent on past 24 months credit history only, whatever would be the algorithm for calculating the credit score, only past 24 months of data is used.

3. The money you withdraw from your Endowment policy after the 3 yrs lock in period is Tax Free 

Right answer is True.  As per the revised rule, any surrender value from Endowment plans are tax free after 3 yrs, but earliar it was 5 yrs, now its changed  (This answer was updated later)

4. If EMI for 20 yrs – EMI for 25 yrs = EMI for 25 yrs – EMI for X yrs , what is X

Right answer is None of the above . The other 3 options was not a right answer because X will depend on the interest rate value, If the interest rate is a number which is like 10% or something , then the X value will be infinite, but X can actually be 100 yrs or 200 yrs , if interest rate is very small like 3-5% (test your self), hence the answer is it purely depends on the interest rate. You can check this using the this EMI Calculator .

5. Ajay bought a house in Nov 2011 and paid stamp duty of Rs 50,000. Now its June 2012, and his friend recently told him that stamp duty can be claimed under sec 80C. How much of Stamp duty out of 50,000 paid can be claim now ?

Right Answer – He can not claim Stamp Duty Under 80C now . The simple rule is that Stamp duty can be claimed under 80C, only in the financial year its paid.  If you see the question clearly, then you will see that Ajay bought the house in Nov 2011 (that’s 2011-2012) , hence the 80C benefit for stamp duty can be claimed only for 2011-2012 . But the question says that now its June 2012 when Ajay’s friend tells him about the stamp duty thing , now the time has passed, he cant claim it back now .

6. Father creates a Fixed Deposit on his child name for Rs 10,000 @10% interest rate. Next year who will pay the tax on the interest amount of Rs 1,000 , if child has no other income source

Right answer – No one will pay income tax . I was sure people will confuse this with the income tax clubbing rules, which says that income of minor will be clubbed with the parent who actually invested the money, but here if you see the income for the year is Rs 1,000 which is from the Fixed Deposit on child name, and what many people might not be aware is that, as per section 10(32), income upto 1,500 per child is exempted from income tax clubbing . Only income above Rs 1,500 will be clubbed, which means that a person can make FD’s on their child name and interest upto 1500 will be treated as purely child income and no tax will be paid on that. This is one of the tip you can use to save small tax on the income from investments .

7. Ajay’s age is 25 yrs right now , His birthday is coming next month, but he will not be able to take his term plan before 3 months, Why should he worry ! 

Right answer was There is nothing to worry about . Its because Life Insurance calculations considers the “nearest” birth date, not the next or previous one. So in this case Ajay’s birthday was coming next month, so whether he takes a term plan before 2 months of his birthday or after 2 months, it does not matter, his premium will be same, because his age will be considered as same. Now this has become a standard way of calculating the age, but there might be 1-2 insurers who are still calculating it on the completed age.

8. Ajay sold his land after 9 yrs, but still suffered a capital loss of Rs 8 lacs, In order to save the tax on that, Ajay had also bought some shares 2 months back which have appreciate a lot . He sold them at a profit of Rs 3 lacs, Which option is correct now?

Right Answer was Ajay can carry forward 8 lacs of capital gains loss for next 8 yrs . The first point is that a capital loss can be forwarded for next 8 yrs, not 6 yrs. The other point is that most of the people must have offset the 8 lacs long term capital loss with 3 lacs of short term capital gain, and thought that he can forward only 5 lacs of capital loss, but they forgot that a Long term capital gain loss can not be adjusted against Short term capital gain (a short term capital loss can be adjusted against both short/long term capital gain) . Hence he can fully carry forward total 8 lacs of capital loss for next 8 yrs.

9. You can file an RTI and get information in respect to ?

Right Answer – Both SBI and PPF . All the govt departments comes under RTI act . As PPF comes under Post Office (Govt of India undertaking) and SBI Bank (a govt bank), both come under RTI , and in the same way all the PSU banks like Bank of Baroda , Canara Bank, Bank of Maharashtra etc also come under RTI , in-case you are facing any issues which you wants answered, you can file an RTI application and get your queries answered. Look at this example of how can file RTI for your EPF (Employee provident Fund) queries.

10 Ajay family consists of Brother, Wife and Mother. Ajay holds a Demat account (nominee is brother) and a Joint bank account with wife (nominee is mother) . Now Ajay and his brother both died in an accident , Ajay had not written any WILL . Which of the following is true ?

Right Answer is Demat will be claimed by Mother & Wife, but Bank account will be claimed by Wife Only. It was simple, but confusing. When a nominee dies, its as good as no nominee. Hence The demat account will be considered to have no nominee, which means the hindu succession law will apply in this case as there is no written will, and the demat account will be equally claimed by Wife and Mother (both class 1) . However the bank account will just go to wife because its a joint account, hence the second holder reserves full right on the bank account after primary holder death, the nomination or WILL has nothing to do here, because nominee and Will comes into picture only after both the holders death.

Prize for Top winner of Jagoinvestor Wealth Club

Out of the 4 people who scored 8 , We are picking one random winner , who is Mr. Rajasekaran, and we would like to offer him 1 yr free membership of upcoming Jagoinvestor Wealth Club, which is a paid product . Not disclosing much on what it is exactly, wait for it ! .

How do you feel now

Truely speaking, the personal finance quiz turned out to be very good and I really enjoyed it . You must have see how you quickly answered few questions and got them wrong, you must have spent some time to read them carefully :). This quiz was also designed so that you can see yourself that where you stand when it comes to personal finance and understanding the internals of it. Would love to hear how you feel after knowing the answers, do you feel you were overconfident with your knowledge ? Do you have any confusion in the answers of these personal finance quiz questions and would like to understand more ? Please leave your comments .

EPF e-Passbook – Check Employee Provident Fund Balance Online

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

Good news for EPF account holders. Now you can check your Employee provident fund balance online using the new e-passbook service by EPFO website. EPFO has introduced a new concept called “EPF Account Passbook”, which will allow EPF Account holders to download their EPF Balance passbook at any time they want, which means you can now do EPF balance enquiry each month and see how it’s increasing.

How to register for Employee Provident Fund e-Passbook?

Here are 4 simple steps to register for the Employee Provident Fund e-passbook online and after that you can do the EPF Balance enquiry anytime you want.

Step 1: Register yourself on the website

Register for EPF e-passbook

The first step is to go to the e-passbook members website – http://members.epfoservices.in/ and click on the registration link. Once you are taken to the next page.

Step 2: Generate your PIN and login

Generate EPF epassbook PIN online

You will be taken to the next page where you need to provide details like

  • Mobile number
  • Date of Birth (make sure it matches with EPF records)
  • One of the documents mentioned in the drop-down
  • Name and Number on the document (Like PAN card and the PAN Number)
  • Email

Then you need to click on “Get PIN” button to generate a PIN which will arrive on your mobile and email. This PIN is required for authorization every time you want to download the e-passbook and check your Employee Provident Fund Balance. At this point in time, you will need to log in again which will take you to the main page where you can do your EPF balance enquiry and download the e-passbook.

Step 3: Download the EPF Passbook which has your balance

Download EPF e-passbook PDF

Now on this page, you need to go to option which says “Download E-passbook” and under that click on “Download E-passbook”, It will ask for the state where your establishment is covered like Maharashtra, Karnataka, Delhi etc.. Once you click on the state, it will ask you to choose the exact EPF Office.

Step 4: Enter your EPF details

Finally download the EPF Passbook

Now you need to enter your EPF account number and name of the account holder, and click on “GET PIN”, which will generate the PIN on the fly which will come on your phone and email. You need to now enter this PIN below and you can download the PDF which has your current Employee Provident Fund Balance and other details. Make sure you do not close this page unless you get the PIN. One of our Financial Coaching Client, Jassi tried this whole thing and his experience was good

I followed the same steps. Yes the PIN is received in your mobile after some time, so one needs to be patient. And the page should not be closed until one receives the PIN, to access further. After receiving the PIN, log in to the application. If e-passbook is available, it should be shown immediately. Otherwise, one might have to wait. – On Email from Jassi

Checking your Employee Provident Fund Balance from time to time?

Now with this method, you can keep checking your EPF account balance from time to time, you can check it each month after your salary is deducted and some days pass, or you can also check your PF balance on a quarterly or yearly basis, whatever works for you. I hope you are clear about some hidden and must-know facts about your EPF

Sample EPF e-Passbook

Below is a sample EPF passbook which you can view and download. It shows how EPF e-passbook looks like and different entries made by the employer. But you will see only those entries which were uploaded and updated by your employer. It might happen that some people see their old data only.

sample epf passbook

12 Important points to know about EPF passbook

Here are some of the very important things you should know about the Employee Provident Fund e-passbook facility.

1. One Mobile number

One mobile number can be used for one registration only. However, you can change this mobile number later if you want so in case your mobile number changes, no worries.

2. One EPF account per establishment

You will be able to view only one EPF account details per establishment, means if you have two EPF accounts under Maharashtra (suppose you had a job in Mumbai and Pune), then you will not be able to view both of them, In that case you will need to first transfer one EPF to another. However, you can view your EPF account details which are under different establishments like saying one in Karnataka, Maharastra and Delhi (suppose you had 3 jobs)

3. Total of 10 EPF accounts can be viewed

A total of 10 EPF account details can be viewed under different establishments. I think its very fair logic because, in all probabilities, a person will not have more than 10 EPF accounts in several establishments, if he has, no one can help him anyway 😉

4. Inoperative & Settled EPF account details not available

If someone’s EPF account is inoperative (it happens if you leave the job and for 3 yrs there is no activity in your EPF account, even the interest will not be credited to that account), or the account is settled (you withdrew the amount already) , then your details will not be available. Tip – You can file an RTI application for your EPF queries and get them answered.

5. Details on request if you left the job before Mar 2012

If you have left your job before Mar 2012, then your EPF account may not be seeing any credit in past few months, in that case he will not be able to see the Employee provident fund details immediately, but it can be requested on the website (you will see a link) and that will be uploaded in few days.

6. Available only if the employer has uploaded Electronic Challan Cum Return of May 2012 onwards

This facility is available only to those whose employers have uploaded the Electronic Challan cum return for May 2012 onwards, Electronic Challan is a way of submitting the employee’s contribution to EPFO online, which is recently introduced by EPF organisation.

7. No need to remember user id and password

There is no user id and password, all you need is your mobile number, document name and document number, which we all remember anyways. At the time of downloading your EPF Balance passbook, you will need to generate the PIN online which will be sent to your phone, this will reduce the chances of fraud

8. Private EPF trusts not eligible 

Those employees who have their EPF with private PF trusts (or called as establishments exempted under the EPF Scheme) will not enjoy the benefit of this e-passbook facility, hence they will not be able to check their employee provident fund balance online using this.

9. Use multiple id’s to register

You can add several documents like Driving license, passport, ration card etc in the same account, this way you dont need to remember just one document id and its number, you can log in using any of those which you are carrying at that time.

10. Details and Entries in the EPF passbook

Month and date wise transactions made in member’s account will be displayed in the passbook from the year for which the annual accounts were updated for the establishment for the first time since computerisation of the concerned field office. For example, if the first annual accounts of member’s establishment were updated for the year 2008-09 by the concerned field office after its computerisation, the passbook will display the opening balance for the year 2008-09 and all transactions thereafter.

11. Error while Downloading the passbook

While downloading your EPF passbook, you might see an error saying “YOU HAVE ENTERED INVALID MEMBERS ID OR NAME”.

Please check whether you have entered the correct code & account number and/or name. In case yes, the name may not be matching as per the record in EPFO. In such a case, the member has to contact the concerned EPFO office. At times some entries from EPF passbook might be missing, in which case, the member should check first with the employer whether the returns for the month/year related to the missing entry has been submitted by him to the concerned EPFO office. In case yes then he/she can contact the concerned EPFO office regarding the missing details.

12. Not getting the PIN on your mobile?

Ideally, you should get the PIN on your mobile as soon as you click on “Get PIN”, but if you dont get it fast, it means the lines are busy and you should wait for more time and re-try!

Tip : Use Chrome instead of other browsers, Some components are running smoothly on Chrome, but not on other browsers .

Are you going to check your EPF Passbook?

Is this working for you? Did you try to find out your Employee Provident Fund Balance using this method? Once you are able to do your PF balance enquiry using this way and check your EPF passbook online or not? kindly let us know on the comments section.

Personal Finance Quiz to test your Knowledge – 10 questions

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

How much do you understand personal finance? You must be reading this blog from last many months or years, now let’s see how much you know. We have designed this short 10 question personal finance quiz to see your knowledge. Just answer these 10 questions and pick and answer from the drop-down. I will post the answers and scores very soon. Please write your full name when you enter your answers.

The quiz is over and Results are declared here

Direct link to Quiz here

Charity Week – Break your Attachment with Money

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

We are all living in a world where we are conditioned and functioned to GET than to GIVE. Since childhood, I have been trained to focus more on getting than on giving. Getting good grades, getting admission in a good college, getting good placements, getting awards and getting good salary packages.

Charity in India

We had some realization that we would like to share with each one of you. We saw that the other side of getting is GIVING. The world of giving is much more magical than the world of getting and with this charity week, we would like each reader of Jagoinvestor to get in touch with the magic of GIVING. Tell me honestly, why do you get on Jagoinvestor – to get or to give? I am not saying getting is bad, it is important to givers so that they will have more to GIVE more. Some of you really take out time to forward good personal finance articles to your friends even if you know they wont read because you care for them.

Let’s not get stuck in the rat-race because even if we win, we will end up as a RAT. We are not saying become a saint, all we want to point out is that, as an investor you are much more than your bank balance, you are much more than your investment portfolio and the returns that you get. We want you to realize how wealthy you are in this moment.

ROI of your Life

With Charity Week, we want you to get in touch with the ROI you are going to get from YOUR LIFE and not just from your money. A Go-giver will always have highest ROI from his life because he is more of a contributor than a consumer. You experience life at its peak when you are a giver and not a taker. Three messages we learn t and we would like you to learn from Charity Week are:

1. Connect with power of Giving

I was really touched and moved when Manish shared this experience with me. Manish and his wife were traveling from Pune to Mumbai. When the bus got on expressway, the conductor found one villager in the bus who was not having money to buy the ticket. It seemed as if he has got into a wrong bus by mistake. As per the rules the conductor asked that person to get down from the bus. Everyone in the bus was watching what was going on and in that moment Manish and his wife decided to talk to the conductor. They told the conductor that whatever is the fair we will pay but allow this person to travel, don’t drop him on such lonely highway. Manish and his wife paid for that person’s ticket and conductor finally allowed that villager to travel. That villager’s eyes got wet and it carried immense acknowledgement for Manish and his wife. In that moment, Manish experienced some magic and that is the magic we want each one of you to get in touch with. When you a giver you operate from service and help someone.

The big lesson here is – “It takes an open heart to help someone and not a lot of money”

2. Wealth isn’t the end, it’s the beginning

One thing that we have realized is that wealth is not an end but it is always a beginning. I have a small garden in my backyard and I invest (notice I don’t spend time I invest my time) some time every day to be with nature. Any garden is initially a patch of land and then you plant a seed or a sapling, we start to give that seed all the Wealth of water, Wealth of fertile land and Wealth of sunlight, that is how the sapling or seed starts to grow and on one fine day, it starts to give flowers and fruits. The fruits and flowers blooming is not the wealth, the wealth happened in the beginning. As an investor you also need to get in touch with the wealth you start as an investor. You always have wealth of actions, wealth of time, wealth of ideas, wealth of dreams, wealth of people and blogs that can help you understand about money. Your job as an investor is to nurture your financial life with the wealth you BEGIN with.

The big lesson here – Wealth is not the end. It is always the beginning

3. Break your attachment with money

We wanted to do this charity week long back but at that time I was not making any donations. My attachment with money was massive; I was focusing more on what I can get rather than what I can give. The world of giving is always a world of abundance. One of the things we have realized is that even if you take away abundance from abundance it still remains abundant. I never use to give money to any needy person thinking these people don’t work hard and we should not encourage such things. I never gave money to any charitable organizations thinking my money will get misused.

I had some realization some time back. My father took me to a GAUSHALA (A Cowpen). I liked the place, I also had some interaction with the person who was managing that place, he shared with me how people donate and contribute with an open heart. He was full of love and service and he had no expectations from me or from anyone. In that Cowpen you can adopt a cow with some annual fees. Something happened to me in that space and my attachment with money broke. I made maximum donation I could on that day and it was a very fulfilling experience. From that day I am looking for opportunities where I can help or serve someone.

The big lesson here : Giving is one of the easiest, most difficult things you will ever do.

I and Manish always discuss that no matter what your salary is or which mutual funds you invest or how much gold you acquire, unless you break your attachment with money you will never become wealthy.

What some Charity Week Hero’s did in this Charity Week

See what Sam did

These days, we are so attached to the money that we hardly care about people in need. Couple of years back, one day i went to a small railway station near my house in Bangalore for a morning walk. (It has a long and nice platform ;-) ). After a while i sat on a bench, a train came. I was observing the people and its amazing that these people get up so early in the morning , travel so long to do their jobs & I don’t think they get huge salaries. At that moment i realised how lucky i am, that i have a good job, i can earn money by working on a computer. I also realised that i am in a position to help many people in need. Since then i started very small donations to couple of organizations, and also i came across a micro finance NGO – http://www.rangde.org where we can lend the money to poor people who wanna do small business. I am a regular investor in Rangde.

See what Sainath did

I like Akshya Patra and contribute for the outstanding service they are offering. To come up in life education is necessary. But what good the education is if we dont have lunch during school hours. How will we digest the knowledge without having proper food. Akshaya Patra provides lunch to loads os school students which i think is a very good initiative. I totally support them and will spread their work to all.

See what Suhas has done

I have right away donated Rs 4200/- for child education through net banking to smile foundation India. I wanted to do this since some time but got the timing today with your donation week. I storongly belive that only education can uplift this country from all the mess we are in. Thanks for bringing up the topic. and offcourse it feels gr8……:)) Keep up the good work………

See what Aparna did

Recently, we had been to Shimoga (a place near Bangalore) to a temple. There are around 23 boys who are sponsored by the temple committee. When we saw the boys, we went ahead and donated money so that these boys get good food to eat atleast once in a year. We are also planning to donate some money in the next year for the same cause. Also, recently, we donated around Rs. 17,000 to a boy who wanted to complete his education. We donate atleast Rs. 20,000 yearly. Its our routine :)

See What Sushil did

I have been donating Rs.300 to UNICEF children’s fund every month. I was shocked to hear this would help 120 newborns for polio medication. And Rs.1200 would take care of a child’s expenses. Yes, our petty amounts make HUGE differences somewhere!. It also has other donation campaigns, where u can donate any amount you wish to give every month. I am increasing it sooner :) . In my hometown (Siruguppa) in Bellary district, Karnataka, I know a doctor who goes to villages teaching Dos and Donts, giving them free medication, helping them on monthly visits. I wish to donate some amount to his foundation soon.

See What Rajendra did

When you give without any expectation you get more. We experienced this when Rs 20400 has passed through our hands to reach Maaillu which takes care of 180 children who don’t have parents(www.maaillu.org) It is foolishness to feel that it is a donation- God gave us that great opportunity. We earned that money by doing another good work of helping others with the only intention of passing it to Maa illu. That extra work gave us real satisfaction than the giving, (giving became our duty). I feel that writing about charity is also the duty of you. I always remember the words of Infosys Narayana Murthy ‘ Power of money is power of charity’. As he said, We have to earn to give it away.

Our invitation to you in this Charity Week

We invite you to hear your call. Join the charity week with the most loving heart and do some charity in any organization of your choice. Make this week special make it an integral part of your life. It’s time to think beyond numbers, financial products and calculations. We want you to fix your life’s calculation first and the rest will happen on its own. In this week be of service to people around you, fill yourselves with a lot of love and help everyone around you. Do something special for all those who are serving you and you never ever noticed them! Be it your liftmen, your security guard, your office person, your helper at home, or just help some poor people

Fill the comments section with heartfelt experiences and sharing, let the goodness in you come out. Let’s master the art of giving. This kind of charity may have never happened on blog, lets create a world that works for everyone, let’s contribute and be of service to everyone around us. Make this charity week a piece of your heart and enjoy the wealth called ‘LIFE’.

Here is how you can make a start, following are few organisations where you can make a donation

Rs 1,75,000 already donated by 32 readers

We are close to thousands of readers on this blog , even if 10,000 people donate even Rs 500 , it would be close to Rs 50 lacs worth of help to someone. Think about it – do your bit .

Here is the form where you can submit your donation details so that we can measure as a blog how much money we donated and what difference we created in the world. If you are already doing charity share your experience in the comments section. Only the money that you will be donating in this week will be counted.

Just donate some money and let some money go out of your pocket for someone else. You will experience a very different kind of feeling which will be great.

How to calculate monthly average balance ?

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

Do you understand what is the meaning of Minimum Monthly Average Balance in your saving account? When you say “Monthly Average Balance of your saving bank account is Rs.10,000”, what does it mean exactly?

A lot of people feel that their balance in saving bank account should not go below Rs.10,000 on any given day, otherwise, there will be penalty charges and they make sure that they have a buffer of Rs.10,000 in their saving bank account all the time.

This means that their accounts should always have that much surplus. However, the way the monthly average balance is calculated is different and very simple.

Meaning of Monthly Average Balance?

It simply means the average of all the closing day balance in a given quarter. So given a quarter, add up all the closing day balance and then divide it by the number of days in the quarter. If you have to put it as formula it would be

MAB = (Total of all the EOD closing balance)/(number of days in the quarter)

Let me show you an example. Let us say the quarter we are talking about is Apr-June. Now your balance at the start of the quarter (Apr 1) is Rs.20,000. You withdraw Rs.15,000 on 15th Apr and then Deposit Rs.8,000 on 12th June. What will be the Monthly average balance for the Apr – June Quarter?

quarterly average balance

 

Can you take this 2 min survey and help us

Learnings & Tips

  • Keeping Rs.10,000 in a bank account for 15 days is same as keeping 5000 for full 1 month (10k * 15 days = 5k * 30 days)

PSU Banks vs Private Banks

A lot of PSU banks like SBI Bank, Bank of India, Allahabad bank generally have a lower Monthly Average Balance to be maintained in a savings bank account, its average limit is up to Rs.5000 in most of the banks and non-maintenance Charges are very low around Rs.40-50 only.

However Private banks like ICICI Banks, HDFC Bank, Axis Bank etc have Monthly balances as high as Rs.10,000 and high charges as a penalty for not maintaining it, It some times can be as high as Rs.750.

Did you knew how the minimum average balance is calculated ? Now will this information impact your banking in any way ? Will you keep less money in your bank account because you now understand that Monthly average balance is calculated in a different way than you thought?

Best Credit Card In India – Review of top 6 cards

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

Most of the people who apply for a credit card in India, do not pay much attention at the time of taking the card, but later get frustrated by the card itself for various reasons high bad customer service, hidden charges, and several other factors. The obvious question then is, which is the best credit card in India? We did a survey on credit cards and tried to do a review of credit cards based on participants experiences. We will see how these cards rate in 6 important parameters. There were 654 participants who took the survey, hence you can safely assume that the collective responses will give a near reality results.

Best Credit card in India

If you see the chart above you will know that the 6 top credit cards in India are –

  • HDFC Bank Credit Card
  • ICICI Bank Credit Card
  • CitiBank Credit Card
  • SBI Bank Credit Card
  • Standard Chartered Credit Card
  • HSBC Credit Card

6 factors to look at before you apply for Credit Card In India

Let’s see those 6 parameters which you should look at before you apply for a credit card in India. At the end of this article, we will see the detailed results of the credit card survey and find out how different credit cards performed on each parameter so that if some particular parameter is more important for you, you can just pick a card based on that parameter.

1. The interest rate charged on credit cards

The first parameter to look at while choosing a credit card can be the interest rate charged by the credit card company. It can range from 1.99% on the cheapest credit card to as high as 3.5% per month on the most expensive credit card. For most of the people who pay their bills on time, this parameter will not matter much, but you never know when you might get into a debt trap kind of situation where you start using your credit card to the maximum limit and pay the interest per month, at that point of time this factor will really matter. Note that interest rate charged is mentioned on a per month basis, but a small difference of 1% can be very big, considering it on a yearly basis.

For example, a 1.99% monthly interest rate actually means 27% Yearly and 3.5% monthly means 51% yearly CAGR.

51% yearly CAGR ! … means your Rs 1 lac of credit card debt can actually increase to 7.9 lacs in just 5 yrs if you don’t do something about it and obviously you will run around to improve your CIBIL score later!

2. Annual Fees & Other charges

A lot of credit cards charge yearly fees and renewal fees (at the time of renewal). Now a lot of people hold a Free credit card for lifetime, but that’s just bunch of people who were given the credit card on a telemarketing call, mostly because they are working in some big company and chances are higher that their usage of credit card will be much higher than an average customer, hence the free credit card.

But, a lot of people apply for the credit card themselves and for them, there are yearly charges (annual fees) and another kind of charges which is applicable to everyone. For example, the penalty charges if you don’t pay your dues any due date. There are tons of customers who do not pay their dues on last time and just pay the minimum payment. If this happens a lot with you, then there is a great chance that you also live with the myth of minimum payments on credit cards. So apart from annual charges, there can be charges like

  • Charges when you pay your credit card bill by cash in any bank branch
  • If you make a demand draft from your credit card
  • If you request for a duplicate statement
  • And many other credit card charges .. the list is not a small one 🙂

Note that if your credit card is FREE as of now, it might carry annual charges when it expires and you apply for renewal – and credit card company says – “Sir, we gave it 100% free only till the card is valid, now its renewed! “

3. Rewards and Offers on Credit Card

There are a lot of advantages of using a credit card in the form of benefits and reward points. For example – You get PAYBACK points which you can use to redeem at various places like www.bookmyshow.com, and book movie tickets by redeeming those points. You also get cashback benefits if you use the card at selected HPCL petrol pumps and you don’t pay the fuel surcharge too.

There are many other kinds of benefits that many credit cards in India offer and those can be different from one credit card to another. This is one very important factor before you choose a credit card because a big number of people just take credit cards for these benefits and even if you are not looking for these, you might want it in the future at some point in time.

4. Customer Service and Transparency

Once I called my credit card company (which is ICICI Credit card) because I wanted to know if there will be any annual charges on my credit card as the expiry date is over and I wanted to renew the credit card. They gave me a very clear and satisfactory step by step answer which made me feel – “Great” .

There was no renewal charges and no annual charges even after renewal. So I was happy. Now it was not the FREE thing here which made me happy alone, It was the way customer care talked to me and treated me like a human:).

While there are instances when I was not that happy, but overall on average, I would still rate the customer service of my ICICI credit card as “good” . Well, that’s my experience only and others can have a bad or worse experience with the credit card company. Before you apply for a credit card, you need to look at this very critical aspect of customer service and how transparent are they overall.

5. Convenience to pay the bills

Something which you will deal with each month is the payment of your credit card bill. Now almost all the credit card companies allow paying by net-banking, cheque, cash and other ways. But still, some banks can be really torturing and not that supportive. It can be cumbersome at times. There have been instances when people paid by cheque before time and it was not processed on time and the person had to suffer because of that and had to run around to get back those charges reversed.

Here is the example

I got the CIR and there is absolutely no big hiccups except one in ICICI bank credit card (I had lot of issues with this bank and some late payments od 1-7 days in some credit cards in very few months. Never listens customer and pathetic customer care executives) of which the DPD is consistently not (000) good for last 5 months. But hey it wasn’t my fault. I dropped the cheque of overall due (about 12000/-) and they never bothered to inform me that my payment was not credited (god knows what they did with cheque). After 5 months when they made a balloon of charges and the whole amount jumped to 19000/- they called me and threatened me of CIBIL. I was never in the mood to not pay the due hence paid the whole amount 19000/- notified by them. Could this lead to this much low score?? – Link

Not to mention the unfair update on CIBIL report which affects you for years. So it’s a critical factor to look at before you apply for a credit card in India.

6. How easy was it to apply for credit card

Have you gone through a frustrating time applying for credit card, really had to run around to get a credit card even when you were totally eligible to get one. While this criterion is not that big, as its a one-time event still you can consider it before you apply for one. I recently had a hard time opening a saving account for my brother with ICICI bank because they had no way to accommodate people living on rent with friends, however, Kotak bank did it for me, at that point of time, the “ease of opening the account” was really a big thing for me. In the same way ease of applying for a credit card can be one important factor at times.

Best & Worst Credit Card in India as per Survey

Below are the results of the survey which we conducted on credit cards. Have a look at it.

Best Credit card in India

If you look at the above chart you will see that the best credit card in India turns out to be Citibank Credit Card and the second best is the HDFC Bank Credit card overall. However, this does not mean that other credit cards are not good at all the parameters. ICICI Bank credit card is very close to all the other cards in several parameters.

While the SBI Bank credit card and HDFC Bank credit card top the list when it comes to interest rates charged (means they have lower interest rates compared to others), but HSBC Bank credit card comes last. HBSC bank credit card has not done well in any parameter as per the survey and has the lowest ranking in all of them.

Average Credit Card bill for the last 6 months

86% of people are paying less than Rs 20,000 per month as there credit card bills, that’s last 6 months average. Whereas only 2% of people had more than Rs 50,000 bills per month. I suspect that these people must be using their credit card for various mandatory expenses which are required anyways. Lots of reward points and benefits to them:).

Best Credit card in India

Credit Card Reviews from participants

Ramakrishna says on his Citi IOC Card – I am using credit cards from past 9yrs. If u use the credit card in the right manner, u get the most out of it. And make sure you pay your outstanding amount before the due date. Most of the times, by end of month I am barely left with the liquid and credit cards used to save during that bad times and used to pay the outstanding by the due date. I never ended up paying any interest until now. The best credit card to date to my knowledge is Citi IOC card. I had made use of the rewards and offers at the extreme.

Kriprabha on Axis Gold Card – Very, very bad – due to careless service. 1) Not pointing out auto-debit facility – I missed one annual fee, so from 300/- bill went up to 1000+. 2) Not applying their own rules about marking a lien on my FD Receipt — my card was blocked for weeks and no one seemed to know this requirement, and they kept assuring me the card would be activated soon. As of now, the card is inactive – reason unknown. I am snipping up a card today – want to avoid AMC which they will apply happily! These bankers live and work in air-conditioned comfort which is possible due to high ABQ. I will soon terminate my “relationship” with them. I am a senior, living on savings, so these visits to the bank cost a lot in auto fares.

Raghavendra on HDFC Credit Card – Experience with HDFC Cards has been good. I have never looked at the interest option since I’ve always paid the outstanding amount by the due date. Was charged a penalty a couple of times when I paid the outstanding a couple of days after the due date ( had not even paid the minimum amount by the due date, owing to travel), but the same was reversed after a detailed email to HDFC Cards requesting for the same, in light of good payment track record except for the 2 instances. On the rewards front, HDFC Bank does not have a very good rewards scheme as compared to others. But customer service is excellent. They also have two billing cycles, one of the 25th and the other on the 5th and allow customers to choose any one of them. This is useful for those who already have a card and choose a second to make optimum usage and take advantage of the alternate billing cycles

Atri on HSBC Credit Cards – I am using HSBC gold credit card for more than the last 7 years. I always submitted payments in time and even insured the card purchases. It was as good at their services and also at the part of mine but I do not know why in their review they decided to cancel my card and stop their services to me. I even asked HSBC CUSTOMER representative but they could nor reply satisfactorily. I now feel I should have to get a credit card from the Public Sector Bank only and wasted my time and money. My message to all public is to use Bank Account / Credit Card only of Public Sector Banks like SBI, Canara Bank, Central Bank of India, etc. for a good governance in the nation. Thanks and Regards.

Some more data out of credit card survey

  • Only 10% of people had 4 or more credit cards
  • Around 42% of people had exactly 1 credit card with them
  • The average number of credit cards held by one person was 2.03

Other Credit Cards

Note that this survey is focusing on top 6 credit cards and their comparison with each other only, which came out as the result of the survey, but there are several other banks credit cards in market which can be considered, but due to small amount of feedback in the survey, it was not sufficient to conclude anything about them nor do any kind of review about these credit cards. Here is the list of those other credit cards

  • Axis Bank Credit Card
  • Amex Credit Card
  • Kotak Credit Card
  • Bank of India Credit Card
  • Indian-Bank Credit Card
  • Bank of Baroda Credit Card
  • IndusInd Credit Card
  • RBS Credit Card
  • Syndicate Credit Card
  • Andhra Credit Card
  • Canara Credit Card
  • Corporation Credit Card
  • PNB Credit Card
  • ABN Credit Card

Did this article help you in choosing the best credit card in India? Is there any other parameter to look at before you will apply for a credit card? Do you think this survey helped you in choosing a good credit card in India?

Financial Literacy in School – very soon

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

Soon your children will start getting financial literacy in their school itself. A lot of developed countries like the UK, Netherlands, Spain etc have their national strategy for Financial education in place and a lot of other countries like India have been thinking and formulating this for a long time. Recently a draft for the financial literacy program was published on the RBI website.

You must have seen and experienced that our country average financial literacy is at pathetic levels and so many financial lives are destroyed just because they do not have minimum basic knowledge on personal finance to protect themselves. If your name is in CIBIL, its because you never knew the importance of right credit behavior, If you were missold (misbought) any financial product by an agent or financial planner (why not) – You probably always concentrated on numbers and not the hidden language and never were able to conclude the the returns from that financial product. In short you were not that financially literate.

The mission of the intiative is like this

To undertake massive Financial Education campaign to help people manage money more effectively to achieve financial well being by accessing appropriate financial products and services through regulated entities with fair and transparent machinery for consumer protection and grievance redressal.

You must probably be fantasicing that your kids will not be like you in terms of financial literacy and they will have a better level of information and understanding about personal finance compared to you. Thats where this national level initiative on financial literacy will help. It’s expected to be implemented in next 5 yrs period and you can be sure that it will arrive sooner or later, that will be a big day ! .

So what all your kids will learn about money in their Schools ?

There are 15 sections and sub sections defined and I can bet that even we all must grab the school level books on personal finance when it comes, because the list of topics to be taught is pretty good and deep. It will really help in shaping up the financial lives of those kids who study it. The best part is that as this will be school subject, they cant escape it. With their raw minds, they will be more open to learn it, unlike people today “who do not have time” . Once they learn about personal finance in school level, they will have a better chances of managing their financial lives when they start earning or well before it. Here are the topics (mostly spread across the full year) – Imagine something like “Hey I am bored in Maths Class, which is the next one” – “Personal finance Class!”

1. Money

  • History of Money

  • Barter System

  • Importance and Concept of money

  • Coins

  • Paper money

  • Plastic Money

  • E –Money

2. Household Economics

  • Earnings

  • Nature of Earnings

  • Needs and Wants

  • List your expenses

  • Find Simple ways to save money

  • Expenditure, Cost and Prices, Inflation

  • Savings & Thrift

  • What you save is what you earn

  • Borrowing – Mild Definition

  • Investment – Mild Definition

  • Interest — Mild Definition

  • Interest rate — Mild Definition

3. Banking

  • Definition

  • Role of a Bank – in growth of saving and Investment

  • Types of banks

  • Services offered by banks

  • Deposits and Loans

  • Types of A/c

  • Opening a bank A/c

  • How to Transact with banks

  • KYC norms – (A/c opening form, Address Proof)

  • How to read bank statement

  • Banking products and services

  • Net Banking

  • Calculating Interest –Saving, FD, Simple and Compound Interest

  • Power of compounding

  • Loans

  • Types of loans

  • Definition of EMI

  • Calculation of EMI

  • Difference between Banks and Money lenders

  • Micro Finance

  • How to make a complaint -Banking complaints

  • Ombudsman

  • Basic of Foreign Exchange

  • Importance and Use of Foreign Exchange

  • Check Counterfeit Currency

  • CIBIL

  • Regulator – Role of RBI

4. Investment

  • Piggy bank

  • Principles of Investment- Safety, liquidity and return

  • Bank saving

  • FD, RD, Post Office Savings

  • POMIS, NSC

  • PPF

  • NPS

  • Bonds and debentures

  • Shares

  • Mutual funds

  • Gold and Silver

  • Real estate

  • Arts and other investments

  • Commodities

  • Asset allocation

  • Risk and Return

  • Basics of Investment- liquidity, credit

  • Compounding and Time value of money

  • Nominal and Real Return(Inflation)

  • Effect of taxes

  • Long term v/s Short term

5. Behaviour Aspects

  • Concept of Needs and wants

  • Helping the needy

  • Spend wisely v/s waste spending

  • Conspicuous Consumption-lavish

  • Impulsive spending

  • What you save is what you earn

  • Using money responsibly

  • Avoiding cash payments

  • Insisting on bills

  • Dangers of excessive borrowing

  • Repayment of loans

  • Make informed choices

  • Ownership of your financial decision

  • Take care of your old ones

  • Tax payment

  • Insider Trading

  • Up Keep your Financial records

  • Free advise may be injurious

6. Financial Planning

  • Meaning

  • Household financial health check up

  • Important life stages

  • Education

  • Medical and other Emergencies

  • Social obligations

  • Goal setting

  • Budgeting

  • Marriage

  • Buying a house

  • Buying a vehicle

  • Plan a vacation

  • Retirement planning

  • Price of procrastination

7. Insurance

  • Meaning

  • Need and Purpose

  • Loss protection

  • Life ,non life and health

  • Benefits of Insurance

  • Term plans

  • Investment plans

  • Hybrid plans -Ulip etc

  • Agents, advisors

  • Role of Insurance companies

  • Regulator – IRDA

  • Ombudsman

  • How to take a new policy

  • How to revive old policy

  • Transaction cycle

  • Nomination

  • Assignment

  • Claims settlement
  • Exclusions
  • Difference between Insurance and Investment

8. Retirement and Estate planning

  • Concept

  • PPF, EPF, Gratuity, NPS, SCSS

  • Financial need after retirement

  • Three Stages -Saving, Accumulating and Dis-saving

  • Calculation of Corpus required after retirement

  • Protection from Inflation

  • Reverse Mortgage

  • Definition of will

  • Making a will

9. Securities markets

  • Entrepreneurship

  • Forms of Business enterprises

  • Company definition

  • Shares

  • Primary market – Reading a prospectus, what to read

  • Secondary market

  • Issuers, Investor and Intermediaries

  • Regulator – Role of SEBI

  • Dealing in Securities market

  • Demat account and Depository

  • ASBA

  • Broker

  • Stock exchange

  • Grievance and Redressal

  • Financial Advisor, CA, CFP, CPFA

  • Basic terms and processes in Securities Market

  • Market rumors and tips

  • Sources of reliable information

  • What are indices ( Sensex and Nifty)

  • Investment v/s Speculation

10. Use of Technology Do and Don’ts

  • Password protection

  • NEFT and RTGS

  • ATM

  • Online trading

  • Internet banking

  • Need for keeping mobile number with banks

  • Three in one account

  • Need of protecting your online account

  • Functioning of stock exchanges

  • Depository working mechanism

  • Algorithmic trading

  • Financial functions using excel

11. Scams, Frauds and Ponzi Schemes

  • Free tips

  • Insider trading

  • Money laundering

  • Phishing mail about winning a lottery

  • Price rigging

  • Dabba trading

  • Bogus companies

  • Multi level marketing

  • Schemes not regulated by anyone

  • Real Estate frauds

  • Banking and credit card scams

  • Preventive measures from getting duped

12. Borrowings Need for borrowing

  • Need for borrowing Source of borrowing

  • Merit and demerits of borrowing

  • How much to borrow

  • Avoid life of credit

  • Comparing interest rate on loan offering

  • Importance of timely payment

  • Avoid default

  • Avoid borrowing for conspicuous consumption

  • Credit cards – Merits and Demerits

13. Consumer protection and redressal mechanism

  • Rights of Consumers

  • Applicable to Financial services

  • Filing a complaint

  • Complain to entity concerned

  • Ombudsman

  • Regulators

  • Arbitration

  • Consumer courts

  • Govt. Websites -(PG Portals)

  • Investor Associations

14. Taxes

  • Meaning

  • Need of taxes

  • Types of taxes

  • How taxes impact income

  • Income, wealth and gift tax

  • Service tax, STT, Stamp Duty

  • Tax planning v/s tax evasion

  • Tax rates

  • Tax free bonds

  • Tax saving investment

15. Importance of maintaining financial records

  • PAN and its utility

  • Aadhar card

  • Demat Account

  • Bank statements and passbooks

  • Insurance policies

  • Tax return

  • Property documents

  • Helpline numbers of service providers

Note that this curriculum is also planned to be delivered to non-school people like adults through other various means. School is just one place where it will be implemented.

What do you think about this Financial Literacy Initiative ?

What do you think about this initiative ? Do you think its going to be one of the best things in our country in the area of financial literacy ? What kind of changes do you see after this Financial Literacy Initiative comes and our next generation arrives !

First 5 yrs of your earning life – Does it matter ?

Posted on by Jagoinvestor

A lot of people complain that they do not have much wealth in their life despite earning from many years. This brings an important point in question. What did they do in the first 5 yrs of their earning life? It’s very clear that the first 5 yrs of your earning life leaves a very big impact on your future financial life. Your financial life shapes a lot due to the first 5 yrs of your financial life.

There are 3 possibilities

  • A person has saved & invested a maximum of his earned money in first 5 yrs
  • A person has spent a lot of his earnings in the first 5 yrs.
  • A person has kept a balance between his spending and investments/saving in the first 5 yrs.

Are you one of those who started young with a nice paying job, but did not focus on your first 5 yrs or are not focusing on it right now. You feel the future is so promising and your abilities/expertise are so great that you don’t need to worry so much. It happens because at times people are seriously unaware and ignorant that life turns out very differently then they think. There are many events which demand money and attention at any cost. These are some times unplanned or just popup in life if you had not planned for it before – like Job loss, Marriage, Sudden health-related expenses, etc. The moment these events happen or come near, then you realize – “Oh my god – I never planned for it or I underestimated how much money I will need”.

In my book Jagoinvestor there is a chapter where I explain how your first 5 yrs investments, out of a 30 yrs period make the 50% final corpus and rest another 25 yrs makes another 50% corpus. That means the initial 16% tenure makes 50% corpus and later 84% tenure builds rest 50% corpus – (read sample pages)

So if you are 5 yrs late in saving and investing for your retirement – You will end up with 50% less in your retirement – This might not sound too scary, but it is. This could mean looking for a part-time job compared to an enjoyable retirement without much tension. There is a big difference between what 50% less corpus can do. It’s like earning Rs 30,000 per month from next month compared to Rs 60,000 right now, imagine your life from next month.

Early years of your earning life

 Spending Maximum vs Investing Maximum

Let’s talk about the first two possibilities mentioned above – “Spending Maximum” vs “Investing Maximum” . Let’s say there are two guys who earn 75,000 per month. Both are unmarried (we all are, at the time of getting a job and next few years, possibly 4-5 yrs) and have similar conditions.

The first guy operates from the mindset of  “Life happens now and this is the time to spend, who knows about future“ , however, the other guy operates from the mindset of “Life is uncertain, I can save today so that I can protect my future now”. Both are ideologies and the way you think, but it can have a drastic impact on your life. Because your financial life operates like a chain reaction. What you do in the first year, has some impact on 2nd year, what you do in 2nd year affects your 3rd year and so on, obviously assuming that your pay rise is natural and not shoots from 3 lacs per annum to 13 lacs per annum in short term.

If you are struggling to make a down-payment for your dream house TODAY, you can clearly see your early 5 yrs have been and identify that point where you could have been more responsible, where you could have given your financial life a new direction and shape. If you are not able to fulfill your big goals coming soon, it’s a clear indication that you have done something wrong in the first 5-6 yrs of your financial life or early years. In the same way if you are at peace today, you can clearly identify what right things you did at the start of your career.

Real-Life Experience of Saving Early in Life

One of the readers Ashish shares his experience about how he saved early in life and how his life is right now.

After completing my study in 2004, I started my career in IT industry. Three thing was clearly injected in my mind by my father :-

1) Always maintain the cash for emergency. As in emergency cash is primary and relation is secondary.
2) Never go for loan. If you need money, first check with your relative and don’t mind paying interest on the money you owe from them. It will always be cheaper then bank. If no help available, consider the thing is not worth to invest.

3) Respect your money.

Though I am not obedient son of my father but “Money matters”. So I started maintaining one excel sheet about my expanse. I must say with my experience that daily expanse is not cost you more if you spend smartly. So at the start of my career, I compromised on my comfort level. Instead of staying in separate house, I searched for shared accommodation or PG which really helped in saving a lot. Instead of buying bike, I calculated my per-day travel expanse and tried my best to minimize it by sometime taking lift with office colleague :)

Travel and Stay is the biggest expanse as per my experience and this clicked me an idea of buying a house. I was not capable enough to buy the house, so instead of taking loan from bank I knocked my father’s door and able to convince him on 4% interest rate(following papa’s advice). No need to say that I paid 4% or not, but he is happy to see the value of that flat on today’s rate. But I was not able to stay in that house for more than a year as I changed my job very frequently(at least once or twice in a year) and happily rented so far.

I travelled from Gurgaon–hydbd–Noida–Pune–Mumbai and then finally got chance for onsite UK in 2008. I applied the same logic and maintained at least 1 lac saving per month. And the story continued since then on saving more and spending less. With this, I am able to manage to renovate my own house for my parents (which they call now as my house officially :) )

Then I married in 2009 on my own expanse and came back to India last year when we both thought that there is no place better than India on this earth. And it get proved as well, when my wife also got the job in same company and same building :) . Before coming to india, I showed no interest in paper form investment except ppf and property investment. But after becoming the member of JagoInvestor and reading some well written and advices article, I did another smart investment. 60 + 40 lac term insurance for me an my wife from two different company. One personal accident insurance of 40 lac from LnT for myself.

SIP of 8k per month in different MFs , which I considered after reading one of the article on jagoinvestor where the comparison was made with child plan and other investments and purchased one villa plot in Bangalore. So far no Loan :) . So far the story is this but adding new pages everyday… I know there are more happy family out there but just want to say that “Saving does help not hurt”.

I would say your life has a constant amount of comfort in your financial life, it’s your choice when you want to have it, at the start of later years or keep a balance in start and end. The best approach I feel is to 1st year your earning life to yourself, enjoy, spend and do what you always wanted. After the first year just get damn serious ! .. What do you think?